Types Of Network or Classifications Of Area by their Geography & Network Architecture.
Types Of Network or
Types Of Network: LAN, WAN, MAN, PAN, CAN
LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN):
LAN is a network which is designed to operate over a small
physical area such as an office, factory or a group of buildings.
LAN’s are easy to design and troubleshoot
Exchange of information and sharing of resources becomes easy
because of LAN.
In LAN all machines are connected to a single cable.
Different types of topologies such as star, tree, bus, ring,
etc. Can be used
It is usually a privately owned network.
WIDE AREA NETWORK (WAN):
When network spans over a large distance or when the computers
to be connected to each other are at widely separated locations a local area
network cannot be used. A wide area network (WAN) is installed.
The communication between different users of WAN is established
using leased telephone lines, satellite links and similar channels.
It is cheaper and more efficient to use the phone network
for the link.
Most WAN networks are used to transfer large blocks of data
between its users.
PERSONAL AREA NETWORK (PAN):
A personal area network is a computer network organized around
an individual person.
It generally consists of a mobile computer, a cell phone or
personal digital assistant. PAN enables the communication among these devices.
It can also be used for communication among personal devices
themselves for connecting to a digital level network and internet.
The PANs can be constructed using wireless or cables.
CAMPUS AREA NETWORK (CAN):
The campus area network is made up of an interconnection of
LAN with limited geographical area.
Network equipment’s such as switches, routers and the transmission
media i.e. optical fiber etc. are almost entirely owned by the campus owner.
METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK (MAN):
It is in between LAN & WAN technology that covers the
entire city.
It uses similar technology as LAN.
It can be a single network such as cable TV network, or a
measure of connecting a
Number of LAN’s of a large network so that resources can be
shared LAN to LAN as well as device to device.
Network Classifications by Their Component Roles or
Network Architecture:
PEER TO PEER NETWORK:
In peer to peer network each computer is responsible for
making its own resources available to other computers on the network.
Each computer is responsible for setting up and maintaining
its own security for these resources.
Also each computer is responsible for accessing the required
network resources from peer to peer relationships.
Peer to peer network is useful for a small network containing
less than 10 computers on a single LAN.
In peer to peer network each computer can function as both
client and server.
Peer to peer networks do not have a central control system.
There are no servers in peer networks.
Peer networks are amplified into home group.
Advantages & Disadvantages of PEER TO PEER Network
Advantages:
Use less expensive computer hardware
Easy to administer
More built in redundancy
Easy setup & low cost
Disadvantages:
Not very secure
No central point of storage or file archiving
Additional load on computer because of resource sharing
CLIENT/SERVER NETWORK:
In client-server network relationships, certain computers
act as server and other act as clients. A server
is simply a computer, that available the network resources and provides service
to other computers when they request it. A client
is the computer running a program that requests the service from a server.
Local area network (LAN) is based on client server network
relationship.
A client-server network is one in which all available network resources such as files, directories, applications
and shared devices, are centrally managed
and hosted and then are accessed by client.
Client server network are defined by the presence of servers on a network that provide security and administration of the network.
Advantages and Disadvantages of CLIENT/SERVER Network:
Advantages:
Very secure
Better performance
Centralized backup
Very reliable
Disadvantages:
Requires professional administration
More hardware- intensive
More software intensive
Expensive dedicated software.
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